Trade Routes of the
Middle Ages

Barcelona

The enchanting city of Barcelona is a visual delight, and has an
atmosphere that combines elegance and sophistication with
provincial charm. In exploring its streets you'll discover medieval
romance in its Gothic quarter and the awe-inspiring delights of the
fantastic and sometimes outrageous Art Nouveau architecture of
Gaudi and his contemporaries.

The funicular up to Tibidabo, or the cable car up Montjuic, both
offer breathtaking views over this attractive city. Its skyline is
perhaps most famous for Antoni Gaudi's masterwork, the still
incomplete church of the Sagrada Familia, as well as the city's
huge Gothic cathedral. The artistic legacy of Barcelona is one of
the city's most appealing attributes, with museums containing
extensive collections of the works of Miro and Picasso. Barcelona
is also a shopper's paradise, with the city's flair for style
reflected in its numerous boutiques and markets, open late into the
evenings. As the sun sets, and the city's many bars and restaurants
open, the night truly comes alive. Dinner is served at any time
between nine o'clock and midnight, and the festivities around the
bars and nightclubs carry on well into the early hours of the
morning.

Barcelona is the commercial centre of the popular holiday region
known as the Costa Brava, the northernmost Mediterranean seafront
in Spain, as well as the Costa Dorada to the south. The coast is
dotted with popular resort towns, many retaining their age-old
charm, which can be easily reached from the city.

Cartagena

Cartagena is a historic city located in the southeastern region of Spain, specifically in the Autonomous Community of Murcia. This enchanting city has a rich history that dates back over 2,000 years and is renowned for its fascinating architecture, picturesque landscapes, and vibrant cultural scene. With its Mediterranean climate, stunning coastline, and diverse range of attractions, Cartagena is a popular destination for both domestic and international tourists.

One of the main highlights of Cartagena is its impressive Roman and Carthaginian heritage. The city was once a major Roman port and boasts several well-preserved archaeological sites, such as the Roman Theatre and the Roman Forum District. Exploring these ancient ruins offers a glimpse into the city's past and provides a unique opportunity to learn about its historic significance.

In addition to its ancient history, Cartagena is known for its outstanding modernist architecture. The city features numerous buildings designed by the renowned architect Victor Beltrí, including the City Hall and the Gran Hotel. Walking through the streets of Cartagena, visitors will be captivated by the impressive facades and intricate details of these architectural wonders.

For art enthusiasts, a visit to the Cartagena Museum of Modern Art is a must. This museum showcases a fantastic collection of contemporary art, including works by renowned Spanish artists. The museum is located in a beautifully restored 18th-century mansion and offers a unique cultural experience for visitors.

Nature lovers will also be delighted by the natural beauty that surrounds Cartagena. Just a short drive away from the city center, visitors can explore the stunning Calblanque Regional Park, a protected area that features pristine sandy beaches, rugged cliffs, and crystal-clear waters. This park is an idyllic spot for hiking, sunbathing, and swimming, providing visitors with the perfect opportunity to relax and connect with nature.

Furthermore, Cartagena is a city that truly comes alive during its festivals and cultural events. One of the most famous celebrations is the Carthaginians and Romans Festival, which takes place in September and reenacts the city's historical battles between the Carthaginians and Romans. This week-long festival is a spectacle of colorful costumes, parades, concerts, and fireworks, attracting thousands of visitors each year.

As for cuisine, Cartagena offers a delicious array of traditional Spanish dishes with a coastal twist. Seafood lovers will be in paradise with the abundance of fresh fish, prawns, and shellfish on offer. The city also boasts a wide variety of tapas bars and restaurants where visitors can savor local delicacies, such as caldero (a fish stew) and zarangollo (a vegetable dish).

Cartagena is well-connected to other major cities in Spain, with a high-speed train network and an international airport nearby. The city has a range of accommodation options, including luxury hotels, boutique guesthouses, and budget-friendly hostels, ensuring that there is something to suit every traveler's needs.

In conclusion, Cartagena is a captivating destination that seamlessly blends its ancient past with its modern charm. Whether you are interested in history, art, nature, or simply relaxing on sandy beaches, this vibrant city has something to offer everyone. With its incredible architecture, cultural events, and gastronomy, Cartagena is sure to leave a lasting impression on any visitor.

Málaga

Malaga has long been a popular holiday destination for British tourists. Located on the Costa del Sol, along the southern coast of Spain, Malaga enjoys yearly warm weather and sandy beaches perfect for those looking for some relaxation.

Sailing the Atlantic Ocean

Leixões

Bridges and port wine are what
characterises Porto, Portugal's gracious northern capital and
second largest city after Lisbon. Porto sits astride a great gorge
at the point where the River Douro enters the Atlantic. Although
it's mainly industrial, the city centre has plenty of charm with
art treasures, medieval cathedrals and museums. The narrow streets
sport wrought-iron balconies decorated with splashes of potted
geraniums.

The main reason tourists visit Porto is to
sample its legendary port wine, processed, blended and aged in the
various lodges of the Vila Nova da Gaia district across the river
from the city, reached via the spectacular two-tiered Dom Luis
bridge. Visitors can tour the lodges and finish up with a tasting
session. The city also has a historic riverside district called
Ribeira, which is undergoing restoration and has been classified as
a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Within easy reach of Porto are numerous
coastal resorts and fishing villages along the Atlantic coastline,
well-known for their seafood restaurants. It's the perfect end to a
day spent cruising down the River Douro, ideal for taking in the
scenic splendour.

Sailing the Atlantic Ocean

Falmouth

Falmouth is a vibrant and historic maritime town located on the south coast of Cornwall, England. Renowned for its deep natural harbor on the Fal Estuary, it has long been an important port for both cargo and defense, and today it boasts one of the deepest natural harbors in the world. With a population of around 22,000, Falmouth is a bustling center for tourism, the arts, and maritime activity. This coastal community is steeped in history and offers a wealth of attractions, activities, and natural beauty that draws visitors from around the globe.

The town's nautical heritage is central to its identity, with a rich seafaring tradition that dates back to the Tudor period. Henry VIII built Pendennis Castle, which, along with its sister castle across the estuary, St. Mawes, was designed to protect England from invasion. Today, Pendennis Castle is a popular tourist attraction, offering panoramic views of the surrounding area and insight into the town's military history.

Falmouth's deep harbor and docks have played a critical role in its development, facilitating trade and enabling the town to thrive as a commercial port. The docks remain active, accommodating everything from large container ships to luxury cruise liners and functioning as a key repair and maintenance hub for vessels. The National Maritime Museum Cornwall, located on the town's waterfront, is another significant draw for visitors interested in the maritime history of the area. The museum's interactive exhibits allow visitors to delve into the world of small boats, the influence of the sea on global culture, and Cornwall's particular maritime history.

In terms of cultural offerings, Falmouth is home to a thriving arts scene. A number of galleries showcase the work of local artists and photographers, and the town regularly hosts festivals and events, such as the Falmouth Week regatta, which features sailing races, live music, and entertainment for families. The town is also home to Falmouth University, a specialized creative institution that enriches the community with a youthful and artistic vibe.

The natural environment around Falmouth is equally appealing, with many stunning gardens and public spaces. The nearby subtropical valley garden at Glendurgan and the historic Trebah Garden are both internationally recognized for their plant collections, lush landscapes, and peaceful environments. Additionally, Falmouth's beaches, such as Gyllyngvase, Swanpool, and Maenporth, are popular spots for swimming, sunbathing, and water sports. Visitors and locals alike enjoy coastal walks along the South West Coast Path that offer breathtaking sea views and encounters with Cornwall's rugged coastline.

The town center is a blend of independent boutiques, quaint shops, and national retailers, interspersed with an array of places to eat and drink. Noted for its fresh seafood, Falmouth has a variety of restaurants and cozy pubs serving up both traditional Cornish fare and international cuisine.

Moreover, the town has an active community, with events and workshops catering to diverse interests, from maritime activities and environmental conservation to the arts and local history. This sense of community is palpable in the town's commitment to sustainability and innovation in maritime industries.

Overall, Falmouth is a town that skillfully combines its historic charm with a forward-thinking attitude, making it a delightful destination for those seeking cultural richness, maritime adventure, and the natural beauty of the Cornish coast.

Portsmouth

Portsmouth is one of the most densely populated cities in Southern England, and is unusual as most of its built-up area occupies Portsea Island, linked to the mainland by road and rail bridges. Although there is a Roman fort at nearby Portchester, occupied later by the Saxons and Normans, there was no settlement on the site of Portsmouth at the time of the 1086 Domesday Book. The town developed in medieval times and received its first charter in 1194 from King Richard I; soon afterwards it became a major naval base. It has the world’s oldest dry dock, and is home to several famous ships, including HMS Victory, HMS Warrior and the Mary Rose, raised from the Solent in 1982. Portsmouth remains an important naval base and is home to a large proportion of the British service fleet. The waterfront area is now dominated by the Spinnaker Tower, 560 feet high, the United Kingdom’s tallest building outside London. Other things to see in the city include the house where Charles Dickens was born, and the City Museum, which contains a permanent exhibition devoted to another famous writer, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who lived in the town.

Honfleur

Honfleur, located in the famous region of Normandy in northern France, is a charming and picturesque port town renowned for its rich maritime history, well-preserved architecture, and stunning natural beauty. With its cobbled streets, old harbor, and timber-framed houses, Honfleur attracts visitors from all over the world.

One of the main attractions of Honfleur is its historic port, known as Vieux Bassin (Old Harbor). This picturesque harbor is lined with colorful houses and old fishing boats, creating a postcard-perfect scene. It has inspired many famous painters, including Claude Monet, who captured the beauty of the harbor in his paintings. Strolling along the quays, visitors can soak up the atmosphere while enjoying the sight of the boats bobbing in the water.

Honfleur is also home to several historic and cultural landmarks. The Sainte-Catherine Church, built entirely out of wood in the 15th century, is a must-visit. Its unique separate bell tower stands tall beside the church, offering panoramic views of the town and the sea. The Eugene Boudin Museum, located in a former chapel, showcases a collection of works by artists who have been inspired by Honfleur's beauty.

For art enthusiasts, Honfleur is also a great place to explore the galleries and studios that are scattered throughout the town. The town's artistic heritage is further celebrated with the annual Impressionist Festival, which brings together artists, musicians, and performers from around the world.

Nature lovers will find Honfleur's surroundings equally captivating. The stunning cliffs and beaches of the nearby Cote Fleurie (Flowered Coast) provide a perfect spot for relaxation or leisurely walks. The Deauville beach, with its glamorous reputation and upscale resorts, is just a short drive away. In contrast, the more secluded beaches of Trouville-sur-Mer and Cabourg offer a peaceful and tranquil atmosphere.

Honfleur is also a food lover's paradise. Its traditional Norman cuisine features a variety of dishes made with local products such as apples, cheese, and fresh seafood. The town's bustling market, held every Saturday, is a true feast for the senses where visitors can sample and purchase these delicious regional specialties.

Additionally, Honfleur serves as a great base for exploring the wider region of Normandy. The famous D-Day landing beaches, such as Omaha Beach and Utah Beach, are within driving distance. The historic city of Rouen, with its stunning cathedral and medieval architecture, is also easily accessible from Honfleur.

In terms of accommodation, Honfleur offers a range of options to suit all budgets. From charming boutique hotels and guesthouses to cozy bed and breakfasts, there are plenty of choices for a comfortable stay.

Whether you are interested in history, art, nature, or simply seeking a relaxing getaway, Honfleur has something to offer to every traveler. With its timeless charm, vibrant atmosphere, and abundance of cultural and natural attractions, this delightful town is definitely worth a visit when exploring the beautiful region of Normandy in France.

Zeebrugge

There’s something special about Zeebrugge. Perhaps it’s the centuries of history that can be seen in its architecture and felt in its atmosphere. Maybe it’s the beautiful beach and harbor that make it a perfect spot for a summer vacation. Whatever the reason, Zeebrugge is definitely worth a visit.

This historic city is located in northwest Belgium, about an hour’s drive from Brussels. It’s best known for its port, which has been an important hub for trade and travel for centuries. These days, the port is also a popular spot for cruise ships.

But Zeebrugge is more than just a port city. Its charming pedestrian-only old town is full of cute shops, cafes, and restaurants. There’s also a lively market square, where you can find fresh produce and local specialties.

And of course, no visit to Zeebrugge would be complete without spending some time on the beach. The wide, sandy beach is perfect for relaxing, swimming, and sunbathing. And if you’re looking for a little more excitement, there are plenty of water sports to enjoy.

Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or just spending some time in a beautiful setting, Zeebrugge is definitely worth a visit.

Amsterdam

Amsterdam wears two faces. On one, it beckons youth with its
notorious Red Light District and liberal views around marijuana
use. On the other, it offers discerning travellers some of Europe's
finest museums and art galleries. Its house boats, bicycles,
cobbled streets, and quaint canals are a visual treat.

For tourists, Amsterdam's compactness is a plus. The old part of
town is a story-book setting of narrow lanes, gabled houses and
ancient bridges, and a pleasure to explore on foot. Visitors can
shop boutiques for souvenirs such as Delft china or wooden clogs,
or relax at cosy bars and pavement cafes.

At night even the most conservative visitors are drawn to the
Red Light District's lively atmosphere, where prostitutes stand in
shop windows and touts encourage passers-by to view raunchy
floorshows. For the most part, travellers will find the best bars
in the bustling Leidesplein and Rembrandtplein.

Sailing the North Sea

Bergen

The historic city of Bergen was medieval Norway's
capital, and is today an international tourist centre and gateway
to the famously beautiful fjords. It has a spectacular setting on a
sheltered harbour of the North Sea. Situated among seven hills that
form a delightful backdrop along the waterfront, Bergen is one of
Norway's most enjoyable cities.

Bergen's history is closely linked to the sea. It
became a major trading port of the medieval merchants of the
Hanseatic League, who dominated European trade during the Middle
Ages. The hub of the city's social life is around the Torget, the
picturesque harbour-side market plaza surrounded by an assortment
of cafes, restaurants, and pubs, and home to the vibrant fish
market.

Flanking one side of the harbour is a colourful row
of old wooden houses, part of the historic wharf area and the
remaining legacy of the Hanseatics, from where narrow cobbled
streets wind their way up between the quaint houses of the
picturesque old neighbourhood.

The city centre is divided into two parts: the old
Hanseatic town along the wharf and the modern centre stretching
inland from the harbour. Bergen has a pleasant, slow pace and a
cultured atmosphere with numerous interesting museums, galleries,
an aquarium, and surviving medieval buildings.

A cable car and a funicular carry visitors to the top
of two of Bergen's hills, Mount Ulriken and Mount Floyen, to enjoy
splendid views over the city and coast. Mount Floyen is covered in
forest with a well-marked series of walking trails. Boat trips to
the fjords are very popular and many cruises depart from Bergen's
port into the gorgeous waterways that network the region.