Cultures of the Mediterranean
Barcelona to Civitavecchia

Barcelona

The enchanting city of Barcelona is a visual delight, and has an
atmosphere that combines elegance and sophistication with
provincial charm. In exploring its streets you'll discover medieval
romance in its Gothic quarter and the awe-inspiring delights of the
fantastic and sometimes outrageous Art Nouveau architecture of
Gaudi and his contemporaries.

The funicular up to Tibidabo, or the cable car up Montjuic, both
offer breathtaking views over this attractive city. Its skyline is
perhaps most famous for Antoni Gaudi's masterwork, the still
incomplete church of the Sagrada Familia, as well as the city's
huge Gothic cathedral. The artistic legacy of Barcelona is one of
the city's most appealing attributes, with museums containing
extensive collections of the works of Miro and Picasso. Barcelona
is also a shopper's paradise, with the city's flair for style
reflected in its numerous boutiques and markets, open late into the
evenings. As the sun sets, and the city's many bars and restaurants
open, the night truly comes alive. Dinner is served at any time
between nine o'clock and midnight, and the festivities around the
bars and nightclubs carry on well into the early hours of the
morning.

Barcelona is the commercial centre of the popular holiday region
known as the Costa Brava, the northernmost Mediterranean seafront
in Spain, as well as the Costa Dorada to the south. The coast is
dotted with popular resort towns, many retaining their age-old
charm, which can be easily reached from the city.

Palma de Mallorca

Palma capital of the autonomous region of the Balearic Islands is a lively cosmopolitan city in true Spanish tradition its centre forming a bustling maze of shopping centres narrow lanes and restored buildings surrounded by ruined ancient city walls and modern boulevards. Like mainland Spain Mallorca was under Moorish control between the ninth and 13th centuries until the re-conquest by Jaume I of Aragon. The Moorish heritage is still evident as are the remnants of Palma's golden years when it rose to wealth and prominence in the 15th century as the main port of call between Europe and Africa. Later the city set on the beautiful bay Bahia de Palma became the favoured royal retreat for Fernando and Isabel which helped it to become the popular Spanish beach holiday haunt and favourite weekend city break destination of the rich and famous. Despite the invasion of foreign tourists Palma has kept its local flavour particularly in its old quarter which is still lined by cafés and tapas bars. Often the native dialect of Mallorquin is the only language heard in the backstreets a fine Palma de Mallorca trait.Palma de Mallorca boasts a huge variety of restaurants and has plenty to offer tourists. The biggest concentration of restaurants is in the centre of town at El Terreno and around the Paseo Maritimo. For some of Spain's best Basque food head to Koldo Royo. Palma de Mallorca's key activities centre around its nightlife and the town is well known for its foam parties discos bars and nightclubs. In fact some of Spain's biggest nightclubs are in Palma de Mallorca and the city is a great destination for those seeking a party. It is also a good shopping destination and shoppers will particularly enjoy exploring the streets of the old town.Of course the city also has some interesting sightseeing attractions including the beautiful La Seo Cathedral the fortress of Palau de l'Almudaina the unusual Castell de Bellver and some good museums. Unfortunately the city doesn't have good beaches but there are many nearby. Popular excursion destinations include the Aqualand theme park a short drive away from the city which is great fun for the whole family. There are several excellent golf courses around town as well as good hiking trails in the rocky Majorcan hills.

Mahón, Menorca

Despite its popularity as a beach holiday paradise,
the Balearic Island of Minorca remains one of the loveliest, most
unspoilt islands in the Mediterranean. The local population support
the control of resort development and the woodlands and fields of
its hilly rural interior remain largely untouched by the tourism
trade.

This is the result of a thriving local industry that
is less dependent on tourism for its survival than many of the
other islands are. Minorca is therefore a great option for
travellers wanting a more authentic Spanish beach resort holiday.
Minorca is only nine miles (15km) wide and about 32 miles (52km)
long, and boasts stretches of varied beaches, from silver-sanded,
gently curving bays to rugged, rocky inlets.

Aside from beaches and resorts, the island also has
plenty of interest for history buffs and culture connoisseurs, with
several attractions to visit, including a world famous pipe organ
and several mysterious, prehistoric archaeological sites related to
the second millennium BC Talayot culture. The more recent history
of the island is a saga of British, French, and Spanish attempts at
control and colonisation, each of which have left their influence
on the local culture and architecture.

Small as it may be, Minorca has a reliable and safe
public transport system. Buses run from the Placa de s'Esplanada in
Mahon regularly throughout the town and between other towns such as
Fornells, Es Mercadal, Alaior, Ferreries, Ciutadella, and Cala en
Porter. Taxis can also be hailed from the Placa de s'Esplanada in
Mahon. Rental car agencies can be found throughout the towns and at
the airport.

Cagliari

Cagliari is a city located in the south of Sardinia, Italy. The city has a population of over 150,000 people and is the capital of Sardinia. Cagliari is a popular tourist destination for its beaches, culture, and history. The city is home to many Roman and Punic ruins, as well as a medieval castle. The climate in Cagliari is Mediterranean, with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters.

If you’re looking for a beach vacation with a bit of culture and history thrown in, Cagliari is the perfect destination. The city’s beaches are some of the best in Italy, and there’s plenty to see and do away from the sand. Be sure to visit the Roman ruins of Nora, the medieval castle of Castello, and the museum of Archaeology. And of course, no trip to Cagliari would be complete without sampling the delicious seafood on offer!

Tunis

Tunisia's capital and largest city stretches along the coastal
plains and surrounding hills of the Gulf of Tunis. Steeped in a
rich and fascinating history, it is home to the famous ruins of
Carthage, the ancient enemy of the Romans. The ruins are a UNESCO
World Heritage Site and have witnessed the passage of the
Phoenicians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Turks, Spanish, and
French over the last 3,000 years. History buffs should not miss the
opportunity to visit them.

Other attractions in Tunis include the National Museum of Bardo,
which tells the stories of Tunisia's history from the Phoenicians
right through to modern-day times, and the old Medina. The Medina
co-exists with the modern architecture of the new city (Ville
Nouvelle) and is linked by labyrinths of alleys and covered
passages, infused throughout by the magical aromas, vibrant
colours, and sounds of bustling souks.

The modern city of Tunis is located just through the Sea Gate (
which has remained unchanged since it was
erected in 1848. It is where the grand Avenue Habib Bourguiba, seen
as the Champs-Elysees of Tunisia, crosses through the middle.
Colonial architecture can be found here illustrating the history of
this culturally diverse and historic city.

The spicy foods and flavours of local dishes may blow the socks
off of some tourists though, to others, the fragrant heat of the
fiery red chilli paste known as
is an essential accompaniment to one's Tunis
experience. Tunisian coffee, much like the Turkish variety, is
world-renowned for its rich flavours and energising properties.

Porto Empedocle

Porto Empedocle is a charming port town located on the southern coast of Sicily, Italy. Named after the ancient Greek philosopher Empedocles, this picturesque destination is blessed with beautiful beaches, rich history, and delicious cuisine. With its strategic location and myriad attractions, Porto Empedocle offers a delightful experience for every traveler.

One of the main draws of Porto Empedocle is its stunning beaches. The town boasts a long coastline with pristine golden sands and crystal-clear turquoise waters. Local favorites include the Scala dei Turchi, a unique white marl cliff that slopes gently into the sea and offers a fantastic spot for sunbathing and swimming. Another must-visit beach is Punta Piccola, known for its tranquil atmosphere and serene surroundings.

Aside from its natural beauty, Porto Empedocle is steeped in history. The area has been inhabited since ancient times and was once an important Greek and Roman trade center. Today, visitors can explore archaeological sites such as the Agrigento Valley of the Temples, located just a short drive from the town. This UNESCO World Heritage Site showcases the impressive remains of ancient Greek temples, including the Temple of Concordia and the Temple of Juno.

In addition to its historical significance, Porto Empedocle is famous for being the birthplace of the renowned Italian writer Andrea Camilleri. Fans of his Inspector Montalbano detective series will enjoy exploring the author's former home, which has been turned into a museum showcasing his life and work. The museum offers a glimpse into the rich literary heritage of the region.

Food lovers will also find Porto Empedocle a gastronomic paradise. Sicilian cuisine is famous worldwide for its flavors and variety, and this town is no exception. Visitors can savor an array of fresh seafood dishes, such as spaghetti ai ricci (spaghetti with sea urchin) and frittura di paranza (fried mixed seafood). Local vineyards produce excellent wines, particularly the acclaimed Nero d'Avola, which can be enjoyed alongside traditional Sicilian delicacies.

For those seeking a more adventurous experience, Porto Empedocle serves as a gateway to the nearby Pelagie Islands. Lying just off the coast, these islands offer pristine natural landscapes, crystal-clear waters for diving and snorkeling, and a rich marine biodiversity. Day trips are available from Porto Empedocle, providing the perfect opportunity to explore these hidden gems.

Furthermore, Porto Empedocle is well-connected to other major cities in Sicily, making it convenient for travelers who want to explore the region. Popular day trips include visiting the historic city of Agrigento or the charming coastal town of Sciacca.

In terms of accommodation, Porto Empedocle offers a range of options to suit every budget and preference. Visitors can choose from cozy bed and breakfasts, luxurious seaside resorts, or charming boutique hotels. Many accommodations offer stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea, adding to the overall allure of the town.

Overall, Porto Empedocle is an enchanting destination that blends natural beauty, rich history, and delectable cuisine. Whether you seek relaxation on pristine beaches, exploration of ancient ruins, or indulgence in Sicilian flavors, this coastal town has something to offer every traveler. With its warm hospitality and diverse attractions, Porto Empedocle is sure to leave a lasting impression on anyone who visits.

Valletta

Valletta, which is the capital of Malta, embraces the famed
charm of an Italian city, its many Baroque palaces set on narrow
steep streets that form a grid pattern. Grandmaster Fra Jean de la
Valette, together with the Knights of the Order of St John, founded
and carefully planned the city.

As the saying goes, the city was 'built by gentlemen for
gentlemen', with the first stone being ceremonially laid in 1566
after Ottoman forces withdrew their siege of the Maltese Islands
and the Knights of St John took over. The purpose of the city,
built in a short span of 15 years on a plateau between two harbours
on Malta's northeast coast, was primarily to fortify the island.
Secondly, it was to provide palaces, inns for the eight Knight's
groupings, churches for worship, and gardens for recreation. These
grand remnants of the Knight's occupation still adorn Valletta in
the form of some splendid Baroque buildings and fortifications.

But the majestic architecture manages not to overwhelm the
island's carefree personality. Valletta balances its sombre
grandeur and religious tone with colour and jollity. The city has a
fun but not raucous nightlife, along with some great restaurants
and magnificent chances to see the sights. It's a very safe and
friendly city, welcoming of tourists, and well-equipped to host
them.

Giardini Naxos

The quaint Sicilian commune of Giardini Naxos is situated on the coast of the Ionian Sea on a bay which lies between Cape Taormina and Cape Schisò. Now it is a tourist destination, its attractions including beaches, the panoramic view of the bay and surrounding hills, and its small fishing port. It attracts foreign visitors and Italians alike, many of whom own summer residences in the comune. The seafront is lined with hotels, smaller pensions, pubs, restaurants and pizzerias. Fishing is still part of the local economy and provides many wonderful opportunities to eat out.

The town of Taormina is situated in the hills above Giardini Naxos and can be easily accessed by car and bus. Giardini Naxos also has several churches and an archaeological park.

Sorrento

Sorrento is a coastal town in southwestern Italy, facing the Bay of Naples on the Sorrentine Peninsula. Perched atop cliffs that separate the town from its busy marinas, it’s known for sweeping water views and Piazza Tasso, a cafe-lined square. The historic center is a warren of narrow alleys that's home to the Chiesa di San Francesco, a 14th-century church with a tranquil cloiste

Ischia Island

Civitavecchia

Rome is like a living museum, liberally
dotted with fascinating ruins, ancient relics and archaeological
sites. Centuries are peeled back from the Eternal City with each
new vista in this great metropolis of fearsome gladiators and
gorgeous art. Vespas, sports cars and nippy Fiats speed past trendy
sidewalk cafes, bistros and nightclubs, revealing the Rome of
Fellini's La Dolce Vita, while the stark facades of the Stadio
Olimpico reminds visitors of Mussolini's attempts to reinvent the
architecture of the Caesars.

For a taste of the Baroque, visitors need
only climb the famous Spanish Steps, walk through the Piazza Navona
or toss a coin into the beautiful Trevi Fountain. Renaissance
splendour is best revealed in the Vatican Palace, specifically
Michelangelo's efforts on the roof of the Sistine Chapel. From
early Christian Basilicas and the Roman Forum to the Colosseum and
the Pantheon, the sequence of history trails back to the dizzying
heights of the empire.

It may sound like a city of contrasts, but
Rome's timeless magic lies in its ability to blend the old with the
new. Empires have risen and fallen, old gods have been replaced
with the new, but Rome nonetheless remains.