Ancient Empires: Istanbul to
Athens

Istanbul

The splendid city of Istanbul has many unique and fascinating
features. It is the only city in the world reaching across two
continents, with its old city in Europe and modern Istanbul
situated in Asia, separated by the Bosphorus Strait. It is also
unique in having had capital status during two successive empires,
Christian Byzantine and Islamic Ottoman, and the legacy from both
is visible in the modern city today.

Istanbul's location on the water made it a much coveted site as
a commercial shipping port and military lookout, and as capital of
the Roman Empire, Constantinople, as it was known, became extremely
desirable as a centre of world trade, until Mehmet the Conqueror
claimed it for the Ottoman Empire in 1453 and it became the
imperial seat of the sultans. After the War of Independence the
capital was moved to Ankara, but Istanbul still remains the
commercial, historical, and cultural heart of Turkey today.

The charm and character of Istanbul lies in its endless variety
and jumble of contradictions. Its fascinating history has
bequeathed the city a vivid inheritance of Byzantine ruins,
splendid palaces, ancient mosques and churches, hamams
(bath-houses), and exotic bazaars. Modern Istanbul exudes trendy
bars and nightclubs, western boutiques, office blocks, and elegant
suburbs.

Istanbul

The splendid city of Istanbul has many unique and fascinating
features. It is the only city in the world reaching across two
continents, with its old city in Europe and modern Istanbul
situated in Asia, separated by the Bosphorus Strait. It is also
unique in having had capital status during two successive empires,
Christian Byzantine and Islamic Ottoman, and the legacy from both
is visible in the modern city today.

Istanbul's location on the water made it a much coveted site as
a commercial shipping port and military lookout, and as capital of
the Roman Empire, Constantinople, as it was known, became extremely
desirable as a centre of world trade, until Mehmet the Conqueror
claimed it for the Ottoman Empire in 1453 and it became the
imperial seat of the sultans. After the War of Independence the
capital was moved to Ankara, but Istanbul still remains the
commercial, historical, and cultural heart of Turkey today.

The charm and character of Istanbul lies in its endless variety
and jumble of contradictions. Its fascinating history has
bequeathed the city a vivid inheritance of Byzantine ruins,
splendid palaces, ancient mosques and churches, hamams
(bath-houses), and exotic bazaars. Modern Istanbul exudes trendy
bars and nightclubs, western boutiques, office blocks, and elegant
suburbs.

Dardanelles

Kepez

Dikili

Dikili is a coastal town located on the Aegean Sea in Turkey. It is a popular destination for tourists due to its natural beauty, as well as its close proximity to the ancient city of Troy and other historical sites. The area is known for its stunning beaches, clear waters, and picturesque sunsets.

The main beach of Dikili is known as “Kale Street”, and it is often crowded due to its beauty and popularity. It stretches for almost 2 kilometers and is a great place for walkers and sunbathers alike. At the end of the beach, visitors can find a small harbor and watch the local fishing boats and yachts sail in and out. During the summer months, this area of Dikili bustles with energy as tourists flock to its wonderful sunsets and beachfront cafes.

Just off the coast of Kale Street lies the tranquil village of Dikili, which has remained largely unchanged over the years. This location is a great place to explore on foot or by bike, as it has plenty of winding backstreets for visitors to explore and admire the traditional Turkish architecture. There are many interesting shops here offering traditional souvenirs and clothing, as well as a few restaurants serving up delicious Turkish cuisine.

The historical sites near Dikili are plentiful, with many places nearby to explore. The nearby archaeological site of Troy is a must-see for any visitor looking to explore the area’s turbulent past. Other nearby sites include Assos, an ancient Greek city with many ruins still intact, Priene, an ancient Greek city with a well-preserved theatre and bathhouse, and many other smaller ruins throughout the region.

The local culture of Dikili is also something special that visitors can take part in. During the summer months, the town comes alive with music, dancing, and general revelry that celebrates the city’s vibrant culture. Smaller festivals also occur throughout the year, celebrating everything from local foods to traditional folk art. 

No matter what visitors are looking for, they can be sure to find something special in Dikili. Its tranquil beaches, sensational cuisine, vibrant culture, and proximity to historical sites make it an ideal spot for travellers looking to experience the real Turkey.

Kusadasi

Kusadası is a large resort town on Turkey's Aegean coast, and the centre of the seaside district of the same name within Aydın Province. Kusadası is 95 km (59 mi) south of İzmir, and about 60 km (37 mi) from Aydın. The municipality's primary industry is tourism. Kusadası is a hugely popular tourist destination due to its perfect combination of culture, amazing beaches and fantastic things to eat and do. The area features several well-known local beaches, including Ladies Beach, the beach at the centrum, the beaches between the Batıhan Hotel and the Nazilli Site, the beach at Güzelçamlı, and the Dilek Peninsula National Park beach, referred to by locals as simply Milli Park.

Naxos

Naxos is a Greek island located in the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea. It is the largest island in the Cyclades and is known for its stunning natural beauty, with white and blue villages, beautiful beaches, majestic mountains and lush green valleys. A visit to Naxos provides the opportunity to explore one of the most beautiful and diverse islands in Greece. 

Naxos is home to a number of villages, each with its own unique charm, atmosphere and culture. In Chora, the main town, travelers can enjoy ancient ruins, medieval fortifications, Venetian castles and churches which date back centuries. As well as history, the town is characterized by lively nightlife, colorful local markets and magnificent sunsets. 

Beaches are a big part of life on Naxos and there are numerous coastal spots for visitors to explore. Agios Prokopios and Agia Anna are two of the most popular spots, both offering golden sand, crystal clear waters and amazing views. Other beaches include Pyrgaki beach with its impressive cliffs, Plaka beach and Stavros beach. 

The interior of Naxos is also worth exploring and travelers can take a walk or bike ride through the island’s hilly terrain to discover traditional villages and stunning vistas. Naxos has an abundance of archaeological sites to explore including the Temple of Apollo in Flerio, the castle of Kastro on Apiranthos, the Venetian castle on Tholos, and the ruins of the ancient city at Grotta. 

Naxos also offers a range of cultural experiences. Traditional music and dance performances can be enjoyed at summer festivals around the island while restaurants serve up delicious local cuisine such as fried zucchini balls and Naxian tomatokeftedes. There are also many cafes where visitors can try ouzo or Greek coffee accompanied by mezedes, small plates of local delicacies. 

A visit to Naxos is a unique experience that provides travelers with a taste of history, culture and stunning landscapes. From peaceful beaches and captivating villages to fiery sunsets, there is something for everyone on this beautiful Greek island.

Santorini

Besides being one of the most beautiful islands in the world,
Santorini is also one of the most geologically and archaeologically
dramatic. Often called Thira, the island is shaped like an enormous
pair of jaws encircling a lake filled with pure blue water. This is
the core of an ancient volcano, which according to legend,
destroyed the lost continent of Atlantis.

Santorini's capital, Fira, perches on a cliff top. Ferries
arrive and depart in the harbour below, while visitors walk or ride
donkeys up the steep winding path to the town. Fira has hotels,
good restaurants, bars and plenty of nightlife to keep tourists
happy.

History buffs should visit Ancient Thira's archaeological
remains. They date back to the 9th century BC, and they're on the
island's east side. Other attractions include the excavations at a
Minoan Bronze Age settlement called Akrotiri, an archaeological
museum, and an 18th-century monastery. Santorini has two swimming
beaches, Perissa and Kamari, both characterised by their volcanic
black sand.

Heraklion (Iraklion), Crete

Situated in the eastern Mediterranean, Crete is by far the
largest of the many Greek Islands and offers something for every
kinds of traveller.

The island has experienced thousands of years of conquest and
habitation and has a complicated and diverse heritage. Sightseers
can investigate the remains of the ancient Minoan culture that
flourished here thousands of years before Christ. Years of Roman,
Venetian and Turkish rule have also left their mark and there are
fascinating sights scattered throughout the island.

Its northern coastline is home to busy holiday resorts and a
wealth of powdery white beaches where couples and families come to
soak up the Mediterranean sunshine. The gateway to the island is
the large, modern city of Heraklion, which is not so much an island
idyll as a vital commercial centre. Other major holiday resorts in
Greece include nearby Malia, lively Agios Nikolaos, Rethymnon with
its lovely old town, and Chania, to the west, which known for its
14th-century Venetian harbour and waterfront restaurants.

The wild interior of Crete offers some spectacular mountain
scenery drives and many opportunities for hikers and serious
cyclists. The White Mountains in the west soar to over 2000m, while
the more gentle mountains in the east hide the extraordinary
Lasithi plateau in their midst, which is dotted with white
windmills. The south coast of Crete is much more remote and rugged
than the north. It is crisscrossed with gorges and dotted with
unspoilt villages, pretty coves, and secluded beaches.

Milos

Milos, located in the country of Greece, is a stunning island paradise that offers visitors a unique and authentic Greek experience. With its breathtaking natural landscapes, crystal-clear waters, and rich cultural heritage, Milos is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a truly memorable vacation.

Known as the island of colors, Milos boasts a diverse and captivating landscape that will leave visitors in awe. From endless stretches of golden sandy beaches to impressive cliffs and rock formations, the island offers something for everyone. Sarakiniko Beach, famous for its surreal lunar-like landscape and white volcanic rocks, is a must-see attraction. The colorful fishing village of Klima, with its charming seafront houses built into the rocks, provides a picturesque setting.

Milos is also home to some of the most beautiful beaches in Greece. Plaka Beach, located in the capital town of Plaka, offers stunning views of the sparkling turquoise sea and the surrounding picturesque villages. Tsigrado and Firiplaka beaches are hidden gems, accessible only by narrow paths or stairs, making them secluded and perfect for those looking for a private and tranquil beach experience.

Apart from its natural beauty, Milos takes pride in its rich cultural heritage. The island is known for the discovery of the famous Venus de Milo statue, which is now displayed at the Louvre Museum in Paris. Visitors can explore the Archaeological Museum of Milos, located in Plaka, to delve into the island's ancient history and see a range of artifacts dating back to the Neolithic period.

The island also offers a wide range of outdoor activities for those seeking adventure. Visitors can go hiking along the picturesque trails that lead to hidden beaches and breathtaking viewpoints. Sailing tours and boat trips are also popular, allowing visitors to explore the island's stunning coastline and visit nearby uninhabited islands and sea caves.

One of the highlights of a visit to Milos is the delicious Greek cuisine. The island is known for its fresh seafood and traditional Greek dishes. Visitors can savor mouthwatering seafood delicacies, such as grilled octopus and fresh lobster, at the local tavernas scattered across the island. Don't forget to try the local cheese and wine, which are also renowned for their exceptional flavor.

For those seeking a taste of the local culture and tradition, Milos hosts a range of festivals and events throughout the year. The most famous one is the 'Armata' festival, held in September, which commemorates a historic naval battle. During this festival, locals participate in various cultural events, including traditional dances and music performances.

Getting to Milos is relatively easy, with direct flights available from Athens and other major Greek cities to Milos Island National Airport. Alternatively, visitors can take a ferry from Athens or nearby islands, enjoying the scenic views along the way.

When it comes to accommodation, Milos offers a range of options to suit every budget and preference. Visitors can choose from luxury resorts, boutique hotels, traditional guesthouses, or even cozy campsites by the beach.

In conclusion, Milos is a captivating destination that will enchant visitors with its stunning natural landscapes, picturesque beaches, rich cultural heritage, and mouthwatering cuisine. Whether you are seeking relaxation on the beach, adventure in the great outdoors, or a glimpse into Greek history and culture, Milos has something to offer to everyone.

Hydra

Hydra, often referred to as Hydra Island, is a picturesque destination located in Greece. Nestled in the Saronic Gulf, Hydra is known for its rich history, stunning architecture, and serene surroundings. With its traditional charm, car-free streets, and blue-domed churches, Hydra offers a unique and peaceful experience for travelers.

One of the most distinctive features of Hydra is its strict regulations on transportation. The island has banned all motor vehicles, making it an ideal place for those seeking tranquility. Instead, donkeys and water taxis are the primary modes of transportation. Walking through the narrow, labyrinthine streets lined with stone mansions and vibrant bougainvillea is a true delight and allows visitors to fully immerse themselves in the island's atmosphere.

Hydra boasts a remarkable history that dates back to ancient times. Once a prosperous trading hub, the island flourished during the 18th and 19th centuries. Many wealthy merchants and shipowners built extravagant mansions on the island, showcasing a unique blend of Greek, Ottoman, and Venetian architectural styles. Today, these mansions have been carefully preserved and serve as museums, art galleries, and private residences, showcasing the island's rich cultural heritage.

The main village of Hydra, also called Hydra Town or simply "Hora," is a charming and vibrant place to explore. The waterfront promenade, known as the Hydroneta, is lined with lively cafes and restaurants, offering breathtaking views of the harbor and the sea. A leisurely stroll along the promenade is a must for every visitor, as it captures the essence of Hydra's laid-back lifestyle.

Hydra's cultural scene also thrives with its numerous art galleries and museums. The Historical Archives-Museum of Hydra is a popular attraction, displaying the island's history through a collection of documents, manuscripts, and artifacts. The Ecclesiastical and Byzantine Museum houses a fascinating collection of religious artifacts, including icons and vestments. Art enthusiasts will also appreciate the numerous art exhibitions and galleries scattered throughout the town, showcasing works by local and international artists.

Nature lovers will find solace in Hydra's unspoiled beauty. The island is blessed with crystal-clear waters, secluded coves, and picturesque beaches. Hydra's coastline offers a variety of options, from pebbled beaches like Vlichos and Agios Nikolaos to remote and rocky coves like Limnioniza and Molos. Those seeking adventure can explore Hydra's hiking trails, which lead to stunning viewpoints and hidden gems. A hike to the Monastery of Profitis Ilias is highly recommended, offering panoramic vistas of the island and the surrounding sea.

Hydra is also renowned for hosting cultural events and festivals throughout the year. The Hydra Miaouli Festival, held in honor of the 19th-century naval hero Andreas Miaoulis, is a highlight during the summer season. The festival features a series of events, including music concerts, theatrical performances, and a spectacular fireworks display over the harbor. The Historical Archive of Hydra also organizes various cultural events, including lectures, book presentations, and art exhibitions.

In terms of dining, Hydra offers a diverse range of culinary experiences. From traditional Greek taverns serving delicious mezes (small plates) to cozy waterfront restaurants specializing in fresh seafood, visitors can savor the unique flavors of the island. Hydra's nightlife is relatively laid-back and centered around cozy bars and cafes, perfect for enjoying a relaxing evening with friends or family.

To reach Hydra, visitors can take a ferry or hydrofoil from Athens, with regular connections throughout the year. The journey takes approximately 1.5 to 2 hours, allowing travelers to escape the hustle and bustle of the city and find serenity in this idyllic island.

Overall, Hydra offers a peaceful retreat for those seeking a unique Greek island experience. Its rich history, traditional architecture, natural beauty, and cultural events make it a destination that caters to the tastes of every traveler. Whether you are looking to relax on pristine beaches, explore historical sites, or indulge in local cuisine, Hydra is sure to leave you with lasting memories.

Piraeus

Athens exudes a unique charm through its mix of street markets,
vine-covered tavernas, souvenir stalls, ancient monuments and
high-rise buildings. For tourists, a plus is that most of the
capital's attractions are accessible by foot.

Athens was named after Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom.
According to mythology, she won the city after duelling against
Poseidon, god of the sea. Indeed, Athens can chart its history back
thousands of years and is regarded as the cradle of Western
civilisation. More specifically, it's democracy's birthplace, and
where philosophy, art and architecture were refined.

The city declined after the Classical Age, dwindling to nothing
but a town in the colourful area now known as the Plaka. It emerged
as independent Greece's capital in 1834.

Today, the city is bustling. And though the pollution, frantic
gridlock and dingy buildings are a striking contrast to the open
beauty of Greece's coast and islands, Athens is truly the country's
beating heart. Ancient wonders like the Acropolis, the Parthenon,
and the Temples of Zeus and Hephaestus ensure that the city will
always lure travellers.