Southern Mediterranean Sojourn

Barcelona

The enchanting city of Barcelona is a visual delight, and has an
atmosphere that combines elegance and sophistication with
provincial charm. In exploring its streets you'll discover medieval
romance in its Gothic quarter and the awe-inspiring delights of the
fantastic and sometimes outrageous Art Nouveau architecture of
Gaudi and his contemporaries.

The funicular up to Tibidabo, or the cable car up Montjuic, both
offer breathtaking views over this attractive city. Its skyline is
perhaps most famous for Antoni Gaudi's masterwork, the still
incomplete church of the Sagrada Familia, as well as the city's
huge Gothic cathedral. The artistic legacy of Barcelona is one of
the city's most appealing attributes, with museums containing
extensive collections of the works of Miro and Picasso. Barcelona
is also a shopper's paradise, with the city's flair for style
reflected in its numerous boutiques and markets, open late into the
evenings. As the sun sets, and the city's many bars and restaurants
open, the night truly comes alive. Dinner is served at any time
between nine o'clock and midnight, and the festivities around the
bars and nightclubs carry on well into the early hours of the
morning.

Barcelona is the commercial centre of the popular holiday region
known as the Costa Brava, the northernmost Mediterranean seafront
in Spain, as well as the Costa Dorada to the south. The coast is
dotted with popular resort towns, many retaining their age-old
charm, which can be easily reached from the city.

Valencia

Valencia was founded by the ancient Romans in 137 BC
and has been pillaged, burned, and besieged numerous times by
various conquerors since. But vivacious Valencia has nevertheless
sailed into the second millennium as a sophisticated, modern
holiday city.

A favoured location for the America's Cup yacht race,
Valencia is situated on the Mediterranean coast about four hours
south of Barcelona. The city is spread out around its busy port and
backed by hills that give way to the plains of Aragon.

Valencia oozes traditional character, particularly in
its old town (El Carmen), and has retained its cultural heritage
not only in the form of medieval architecture but also in its
quirky, exuberant festivals such as the Battle of the Flowers, the
fireworks of Fallas, and even one dedicated to tomato-hurling.

The Valencians even have their own language.
Interspersed with the old and historic, however, there is much that
is new in Valencia, including its major attraction, the seemingly
futuristic City of Arts and Sciences, which draws around four
million appreciative visitors each year.

Outdoors, it is hard to beat the golden beaches that
fan out from the port along the coast, and the sprawling city
offers plenty of green parks for strolling, cycling, or simply
lolling on a bench to get a breath back after indulging in the
vibrant life of the city.

Football is a local passion, and fans should not miss
the atmosphere at one of the carnival-like Valencia FC home
matches. When night falls, travellers can dine on paella, which
originated here, and then hit the town, because Valencia is
renowned for its lively collection of bars and clubs.

Alicante

Lying on the eastern coast of Spain, the Costa Blanca draws
millions of tourists each year to its turquoise waters and miles of
white, sandy beaches. Alicante is the capital and major city on
this stretch of coast, but it is Benidorm that attracts the most
visitors, and this is the place to go for those looking for a
lively and entertaining holiday with hundreds of bars and all-night
clubs. However there is more to the Costa Blanca than crowded beach
resorts: within the mountainous interior there are a series of
fascinating medieval towns and fortified villages which have been
largely unaffected by modern development.

Alicante is best known as the gateway to the many glittering
resorts in the region, but the city is actually an interesting
urban destination, with history and culture aplenty to offer those
who can be distracted from the beach. Those who have some time in
Alicante should head to the Catedral de san Nicolas from which the
narrow old streets of the historic quarter, El Barrio, radiate
outwards.

The most popular time to visit the Costa Blanca is between May
and October when the weather is guaranteed to be sunny and warm
most of the time. The temperature can get up to 104F (40C) in
August, with the sea at a very comfortable 77F (25C). It is too hot
and crowded for some during this busy summer season and some
visitors holiday in the spring and autumn months, when it is cooler
and there is the chance of light showers. However, many of the bars
and restaurants close outside of the peak tourist season.

Palma de Mallorca

Palma capital of the autonomous region of the Balearic Islands is a lively cosmopolitan city in true Spanish tradition its centre forming a bustling maze of shopping centres narrow lanes and restored buildings surrounded by ruined ancient city walls and modern boulevards. Like mainland Spain Mallorca was under Moorish control between the ninth and 13th centuries until the re-conquest by Jaume I of Aragon. The Moorish heritage is still evident as are the remnants of Palma's golden years when it rose to wealth and prominence in the 15th century as the main port of call between Europe and Africa. Later the city set on the beautiful bay Bahia de Palma became the favoured royal retreat for Fernando and Isabel which helped it to become the popular Spanish beach holiday haunt and favourite weekend city break destination of the rich and famous. Despite the invasion of foreign tourists Palma has kept its local flavour particularly in its old quarter which is still lined by cafés and tapas bars. Often the native dialect of Mallorquin is the only language heard in the backstreets a fine Palma de Mallorca trait.Palma de Mallorca boasts a huge variety of restaurants and has plenty to offer tourists. The biggest concentration of restaurants is in the centre of town at El Terreno and around the Paseo Maritimo. For some of Spain's best Basque food head to Koldo Royo. Palma de Mallorca's key activities centre around its nightlife and the town is well known for its foam parties discos bars and nightclubs. In fact some of Spain's biggest nightclubs are in Palma de Mallorca and the city is a great destination for those seeking a party. It is also a good shopping destination and shoppers will particularly enjoy exploring the streets of the old town.Of course the city also has some interesting sightseeing attractions including the beautiful La Seo Cathedral the fortress of Palau de l'Almudaina the unusual Castell de Bellver and some good museums. Unfortunately the city doesn't have good beaches but there are many nearby. Popular excursion destinations include the Aqualand theme park a short drive away from the city which is great fun for the whole family. There are several excellent golf courses around town as well as good hiking trails in the rocky Majorcan hills.

Cruising the Balearic Sea

Sète

Sète, often called the "Venice of the Languedoc" due to its picturesque canals and waterways, is a charming port town located in the south of France. Situated in the region of Occitanie, Sète offers visitors a unique blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and vibrant atmosphere. With its enticing mix of Mediterranean beaches, delicious seafood, and lively festivals, Sète attracts both tourists and locals alike.

One of the main highlights of Sète is its stunning beaches. The town is nestled between the Mediterranean Sea and the Thau Lagoon, offering visitors a choice between sandy expanses and placid waters. The beaches here are known for their cleanliness and beauty, providing ample opportunities for sunbathing, swimming, and various water sports. Among the most popular beaches are Plage de la Corniche, Plage de Villeroy, and Plage du Lido, each offering a unique setting and atmosphere.

Sète is also renowned for its exceptional cuisine, particularly its fresh seafood. The town's fishing industry is a major part of its identity, and visitors can sample a wide array of delectable dishes that highlight the day's catch. From succulent oysters and mussels to mouthwatering bouillabaisse, the seafood in Sète is a true gastronomic delight. For a quintessential dining experience, head to the bustling fish market or visit one of the many waterfront restaurants to relish the flavors of the sea.

Beyond its natural and culinary treasures, Sète is rich in cultural heritage and artistic traditions. The town has been a source of inspiration for many writers, painters, and musicians throughout history. Visitors can explore various art galleries and museums, such as the Paul Valéry Museum, which showcases the town's artistic heritage. The École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts and the International Museum of Modest Arts are also worth a visit to immerse oneself in Sète's creative spirit.

Sète truly comes alive during its numerous lively festivals and events. One of the most famous celebrations is the St. Louis Festival, which takes place each August. During this event, the town is transformed into a vibrant hub of traditional boat races, music, and fireworks. The Sète Jazz Festival is another must-see event, attracting top musicians from around the world to the town's stages.

For those wanting to explore beyond the town's borders, Sète serves as an excellent base for day trips to nearby attractions. The charming town of Bouzigues, renowned for its oyster farming, is just a short drive away. The ancient city of Montpellier, with its lively cultural scene and historical sites, is also within easy reach.

In terms of accommodations, Sète offers a range of options to suit every budget and preference. Visitors can choose to stay in waterfront hotels, cozy bed and breakfasts, or self-catering apartments that provide a more intimate experience. Regardless of where you choose to stay, the warm hospitality of the locals is sure to make your stay in Sète a memorable one.

In conclusion, Sète is a captivating destination that combines natural beauty, cultural heritage, and a vibrant atmosphere. With its stunning beaches, delicious seafood, cultural events, and proximity to other attractions, there is something for everyone in this enchanting port town. Whether you are seeking relaxation, an immersion in local traditions, or a culinary adventure, Sète is sure to leave a lasting impression.

Marseille

Marseille is France's second largest and
most ancient city. It was founded by the Greeks in 600 BC and was
later conquered by the Romans after becoming a thriving port and
centre for trade. Today it is littered with ancient sites and
artefacts, mostly Roman additions to the original Greek
settlement.

Marseille is down to earth and lacks the
pretentiousness of most other French cities. There are plenty of
attractions to explore, including the colourful harbour and
pedestrianised squares. The city is also divided into
arrondissements in the style of Paris, which makes it relatively
easy to get around on the metro.

The Old Port area is filled with
restaurants, bars, hotels, office blocks and a daily fish market at
the Belgian Quay, giving it a lively and sophisticated air. There
are also a number of decent museums, galleries, theatres and shops
dotted about the city that are worth visiting. Marseille is also
famed for its Opéra: an Art Deco opera house, situated in the heart
of the city, which still hosts performances even though it was all
but destroyed by fire in 1919. La Plaine is a trendy area filled
with cafes, bookstores and fountains, with a bustling market on
Thursdays and Saturdays, while Noailles' bazaar is a multi-ethnic
area filled with Indo-Chinese and Arabic shops.

The outgoing, friendly inhabitants of
Marseille are a cosmopolitan bunch, with diverse backgrounds
including a number of Italian, Spanish and North African
communities. There is far less of the style and image consciousness
evident in the rest of the Cote d'Azur, creating a more North
African flavour and a vibrant atmosphere. Marseilles also acts as a
good base for exploring the nearby natural beauty of the calanques
(or Mediterranean fjords) and some excellent beaches.

Livorno

Livorno is a gritty city with a long and interesting history. In the early Middle Ages it alternately belonged to Pisa and Genoa. In 1421 Florence, seeking access to the sea, bought it. Cosimo I (1519–74) started construction of the harbor in 1571, putting Livorno on the map. After Ferdinando I de' Medici (1549–1609) proclaimed Livorno a free city, it became a haven for people suffering from religious persecution; Roman Catholics from England and Jews and Moors from Spain and Portugal, among others, settled here. The Quattro Mori (Four Moors), also known as the Monument to Ferdinando I, commemorates this. (The statue of Ferdinando I dates from 1595, the bronze Moors by Pietro Tacca from the 1620s.)In the following centuries, and particularly in the 18th, Livorno boomed as a port. In the 19th century the town drew a host of famous Britons passing through on their grand tours. Its prominence continued up to World War II, when it was heavily bombed. Much of the town's architecture, therefore, postdates the war, and it's somewhat difficult to imagine what it might have looked like before. Livorno has recovered from the war, however, as it's become a huge point of departure for container ships, as well as the only spot in Tuscany for cruise ships to dock for the day.Most of Livorno's artistic treasures date from the 17th century and aren't all that interesting unless you dote on obscure baroque artists. Livorno's most famous native artist, Amedeo Modigliani (1884–1920), was of much more recent vintage. Sadly, there's no notable work by him in his hometown.There may not be much in the way of art, but it's still worth strolling around the city. The Mercato Nuovo, which has been around since 1894, sells all sorts of fruits, vegetables, grains, meat, and fish. Outdoor markets nearby are also chock-full of local color. The presence of Camp Darby, an American military base just outside town, accounts for the availability of many American products.If you have time, Livorno is worth a stop for lunch or dinner at the very least.

Cruising the Tyrrhenian Sea

Palermo

Palermo, the capital city of Sicily in Italy, is a vibrant and diverse destination that offers a fascinating blend of history, culture, cuisine, and natural beauty. With its rich architectural heritage, bustling markets, mouthwatering street food, and stunning coastal scenery, Palermo has something to offer to every type of traveler.

One of the highlights of Palermo is its historic architecture, which reflects the city's fascinating past. The Palermo Cathedral, a masterpiece of Norman architecture, is a must-visit for history enthusiasts. Another iconic landmark is the Palazzo dei Normanni, a stunning palace that has served as the seat of power for various rulers over the centuries. The Cappella Palatina, located within the palace, showcases intricate Byzantine mosaics that are considered some of the finest in the world.

Exploring the city's markets is a sensory delight not to be missed. The Vucciria Market is a maze of narrow streets filled with stalls selling a variety of fresh produce, cured meats, and traditional Sicilian products. For a truly authentic experience, try the street food, such as arancini (fried rice balls) and panelle (chickpea fritters), that the vendors offer.

Art lovers will find plenty to admire in Palermo's numerous art galleries, such as the Galleria Regionale di Palazzo Abatellis, which houses a collection of Italian masterpieces, including works by Antonello da Messina and Renato Guttuso. The city is also dotted with charming churches, such as the Church of San Cataldo and the Church of Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio, known as the Martorana, both of which showcase stunning Byzantine architecture and intricate mosaics.

For those seeking respite from the city's busy streets, Palermo offers beautiful natural landscapes. The nearby Mondello beach, with its crystal-clear waters and sandy shores, is a popular choice for locals and tourists alike. The picturesque fishing village of Cefalù, located just an hour outside of Palermo, is another great option for a day trip, with its charming old town and breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea.

No visit to Palermo would be complete without indulging in the local cuisine. Sicilian cuisine is known for its bold flavors and fresh ingredients, and Palermo boasts a wide variety of traditional dishes. Try the famous pasta alla Norma, a hearty pasta dish with eggplant and ricotta salata, or the iconic cannoli, a crispy pastry shell filled with sweet ricotta cream. Don't forget to wash it all down with a glass of refreshing Sicilian wine!

In terms of transportation, Palermo has a well-connected public transport system, including buses and trains. However, the city center is relatively compact and easily navigable on foot, allowing visitors to take in the sights at their own pace. Taxis and rental cars are also readily available for those who prefer more flexibility.

Overall, Palermo is a captivating destination that combines a rich history, vibrant culture, delicious food, and stunning natural landscapes. Whether you are interested in exploring ancient ruins, indulging in local cuisine, or simply soaking up the vibrant atmosphere, Palermo is sure to leave a lasting impression on any traveler lucky enough to visit.

Valletta

Valletta, which is the capital of Malta, embraces the famed
charm of an Italian city, its many Baroque palaces set on narrow
steep streets that form a grid pattern. Grandmaster Fra Jean de la
Valette, together with the Knights of the Order of St John, founded
and carefully planned the city.

As the saying goes, the city was 'built by gentlemen for
gentlemen', with the first stone being ceremonially laid in 1566
after Ottoman forces withdrew their siege of the Maltese Islands
and the Knights of St John took over. The purpose of the city,
built in a short span of 15 years on a plateau between two harbours
on Malta's northeast coast, was primarily to fortify the island.
Secondly, it was to provide palaces, inns for the eight Knight's
groupings, churches for worship, and gardens for recreation. These
grand remnants of the Knight's occupation still adorn Valletta in
the form of some splendid Baroque buildings and fortifications.

But the majestic architecture manages not to overwhelm the
island's carefree personality. Valletta balances its sombre
grandeur and religious tone with colour and jollity. The city has a
fun but not raucous nightlife, along with some great restaurants
and magnificent chances to see the sights. It's a very safe and
friendly city, welcoming of tourists, and well-equipped to host
them.

Cruising the Tyrrhenian Sea

Civitavecchia

Rome is like a living museum, liberally
dotted with fascinating ruins, ancient relics and archaeological
sites. Centuries are peeled back from the Eternal City with each
new vista in this great metropolis of fearsome gladiators and
gorgeous art. Vespas, sports cars and nippy Fiats speed past trendy
sidewalk cafes, bistros and nightclubs, revealing the Rome of
Fellini's La Dolce Vita, while the stark facades of the Stadio
Olimpico reminds visitors of Mussolini's attempts to reinvent the
architecture of the Caesars.

For a taste of the Baroque, visitors need
only climb the famous Spanish Steps, walk through the Piazza Navona
or toss a coin into the beautiful Trevi Fountain. Renaissance
splendour is best revealed in the Vatican Palace, specifically
Michelangelo's efforts on the roof of the Sistine Chapel. From
early Christian Basilicas and the Roman Forum to the Colosseum and
the Pantheon, the sequence of history trails back to the dizzying
heights of the empire.

It may sound like a city of contrasts, but
Rome's timeless magic lies in its ability to blend the old with the
new. Empires have risen and fallen, old gods have been replaced
with the new, but Rome nonetheless remains.